The 111 Greatest Long Poems
A rule of thumb for the long poems listed here, contrasted with the verse on the Greatest (Short) Poems list, is that these generally cannot be read in a single sitting. They range in length from a dozen dense pages to entire books, even multiple volumes. Reading times that do full justice to the poems can stretch from an hour or two to a lifetime. Long poems also tend to present a complexity of theme and story not found in briefer poetry.
Sometimes it is difficult to differentiate a thick multi-part poem from a collection of discrete poems. For our purposes here, long poems are considered distinct from poetry collections in that its verses are usually connected in an overarching narrative, as in epic poetry. Admittedly though, the categories can overlap and subjective judgments are sometimes needed.
However, this list of long poems is a little easier to compile than that of short poems. Epics and other extended verse have been out of fashion for many years now, so there are fewer recent works to weigh. The long-available older works have also had time to settle in public and critical valuations.
Still, as with all our other lists, revisions and updates will continue as research and public tastes dictate.
Latest update: October 2, 2024
BCE
c.2100–2000 BCE
Descent of Inanna into the Underworld
Anonymous, Sumer
Epic poem, also known as Descent of Ishtar into the Underworld or Angalta
c.600 BCE–200 CE
Ramayana
by Valmiki, India
Poem
c.400 BCE–400 CE
Mahabharata
by Vyasa Vyasa, India
Poem
c.270–240
Aetia
by Callimachus, Greece
Poem
c.250
Voyage of the Argonauts
by Apollonius of Rhodes, Greece
Epic poem
c.50
On the Nature of Things
by Lucretius, Rome
Epic poem
29 BCE
Georgics
by Virgil, Rome
Poem
c.29-19E
Aeneid
by Virgil, Rome
Epic poem
c. 10
Art of Love
Poem in three books
CE
c.8
The Book of Days
Poem in six books
c.500
Hero and Leander
by Musaeus Grammaticus, Greece
Poem
The Tale of an Anklet
by Iḷaṅkõ Aṭikaḷ, India
Epic poem
61–65
Pharsalia
by Lucan, Rome
Epic poem
c.79
Argonautica
by Valerius Flaccus, Rome
Epic poem
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977–1010
The Book of Kings
by Ferdowsi, Persia
Epic poem
c.1000–1300
The Poetic Edda
Anonymous, Iceland
Epic poem
c.1100
The Song of Roland
Anonymous, France
Poem
c.1140
The Poem of the Cid
Anonymous, Spain
Epic poem
c.1140-50
King Rother
Anonymous, Germany
Epic poem
c.1200
Nibelungenlied
Anonymous, Germany
Epic poem, also known as The Song of the Nibelungs
1210
Tristan und Isolde
by Gottfied von Strassburg, Germany
Epic poem
1230–1275
The Romance of the Rose
by Guillaume de Lorris, Jean de Meun, France
Epic poem
c.1250
Mathnawi
by Rumi, Persia
Poem
1258
The Garden
by Saadi Shirazi, Persia
Poetry collection
1307
The Divine Comedy
by Alighieri Dante, Italy
Epic poem
1330–1343
The Book of Good Love
by Juan Ruiz, Spain
Long poem
c.1350
Divan of Hafez
by Hafez, Persia
Poem
1352
The Triumphs
by Giovanni Boccaccio, Italy
Poem
1362
The Vision of Piers the Ploughman
by William Langland, England
Poem, also known as Piers Plowman
c.1380
Pearl
Anonymous, England
Poem
c.1382–1386
Troilus and Cressida
by Geoffrey Chaucer, England
Poem
1387
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
Anonymous, England
Poem
1483–1495
Orlando Innamorato
by Matteo Maria Boiardo, Italy
Poem
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1501
Judita
by Marko Marulić, Croatia
Poem
1516–1532
Orlando Furioso
by Ludovico Ariosto, Italy
Epic poem
1569–1589
The Araucaniad
by Alonso Ercilla, Spain
Poem
1572
Franciade
by Pierre de Ronsard, France
Epic poem
The Lusiads
by Luís de Camões, Portugal
Poem
1589
The Faerie Queen
by Edmund Spenser, England
Poem
1591
Astrophel and Stella
by Philip Sidney, England
Poem
1613
Solitudes
by Luis de Góngora, Spain
Poem
1616
Les Tragiques
by Agrippa D'Aubigné, France
Epic poem
1667
Paradise Lost
by John Milton, England
Poem
1671
Samson Agonistes
by John Milton, England
Poem
1711
An Essay on Criticism
Poem
1712–1714
The Rape of the Lock
1723
La Henriade
by Voltaire, France
Epic poem
1728–1742
The Dunciad
Epic poem
1785
The Task
by William Cowper, England
Poem
c. 1792
The Epic of Manas
Anonymous, Kyrgys
Poem
1797
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, England
Poem
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1805
The Lay of the Last Minstrel
by Walter Scott, Scotland
Poem
1810
The Lady of the Lake
by Walter Scott, Scotland
Epic poem
1812–1818
Childe Harold's Pilgrimage
by George Gordon Byron, England
Poem
1818
Endymion
by John Keats, England
Poem
1819–1824
Don Juan
by George Gordon Byron, England
Epic poem
1820
Prometheus Unbound
by Percy Byssche Shelley, England
Poem
Ruslan and Ludmila
by Alexander Pushkin, Russia
Epic poem
1822
The Vision of Judgment
by George Gordon Byron, England
Poem
1823
The Fountain of Bakhchisaray
by Alexander Pushkin, Russia
Poem
1824
Julian and Maddalo
by Percy Bysshe Shelley, England
Poem
1834
Master Thaddeus
by Adam Mickiewicz, Poland
Poem
1835–1849
Kalevala
by Elias Lönnrot, Poland
Epic poem
1836
May
by Karel Hynek Mácha, Czech
Poem
1837
The Bronze Horseman
by Alexander Pushkin, Russia
Epic poem
1842
Horatius
by Thomas Babington Macauley, England
Poem
Demon
by Mikhail Lermontov, Russia
Poem
1847
Evangeline
by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, United States
Epic poem
1850
Christmas-Eve and Easter-Day
by Robert Browning, England
Poem
In Memoriam
by Alfred Lord Tennyson, England
Poem
The Prelude or, Growth of a Poet's Mind
by William Wordsworth, England
Poem
1853–1862
Kalev's Son
by Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald, Estonia
Poem
1855
The Song of Hiawatha
by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, United States
Epic poem
1856
Aurora Leigh
by Elizabeth Barrett Browning, England
Poem
1862
Goblin Market
by Christina Rossetti, England
Poem
1868–1869
The Ring and the Book
by Robert Browning, England
Poem
The Songs of Maldoror
by Comte de Lautréamont, France
Poem
1870–1881
The House of Life
by Dante Gabriel Rossetti, England
Poem
1872–1879
Martín Fierro
by José Hernández, Argentina
Poem
1873
A Season in Hell
by Arthur Rimbaud, France
Poem
1876
The Story of Sigurd the Volsung and the Fall of the Niblungs
by William Morris, England
Epic poem
1897
The Ballad of Reading Gaol
by Oscar Wilde, Ireland
Poem
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1914
Platero and I
by Juan Ramón Jiménez, Spain, Prose poem
1915
A Cloud in Trousers
by Vladimir Mayakovsky, Russia
Poem
1918
The Twelve
by Alexander Blok, Russia
Poem
1930
The Bridge
by Hart Crane, United States
Poem
1940–1942
Four Quartets
Poem
1944
Arcanum 17
by André Breton, France
Poem
1947
The Heights of Macchu Piccu
by Pablo Neruda, Chile
Poem
The Age of Anxiety
by W.H. Auden, England
Poem
1949
The Anniad
by Gwendolyn Brooks, United States
Poem
1956
Aniara
by Harry Martinson, Sweden
Epic poem
Howl
by Allen Ginsberg, United States
Poem
1957
Sunstone
by Octavio Paz, Mexico
Poem
1961
Kaddish
by Allen Ginsberg, United States
Poem
1966
Song of Lawino
by Okot p'Bitek, Uganda
Poem
1973
Moscow–Petushki
by Venedikt Yerofeyev, Russia
Poem
1976–1980
The Changing Light at Sandover
by James Merrill, United States
Poem
1990
Omeros
by Derek Walcott, St. Lucia
Epic poem
2014
Citizen: An American Lyric
by Claudia Rankine, United States
Long poem
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